Epidemiology and Health

Original Article

Copro-molecular diagnosis of the Toxoplasmatinae subfamily in dog and cat populations in northern Iran: Leila Izadi, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Afsaneh Amouei, Mehdi Sharif, Mohammad Taghi Rahimi, Tooran Nayeri, Ahmad Daryani; Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020074. Published online December 4, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020074

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The oocysts of the Toxoplasmatinae subfamily (Neospora caninum, Hammondia hammondi and H. heydorni, and Besnoitia besnoiti) are morphologically similar to Toxoplasma gondii, and indistinguishable from each other. This study investigated the prevalence of the Toxoplasmatinae subfamily in dog and cat fecal samples using a nested polymerase chain reaction method.

METHODS

Overall, 200 fecal samples from domestic dogs (n=120) and cats (n=80) were collected from 15 farms in northern Iran. The samples were homogenized in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution and subsequently concentrated with sucrose solution. DNA was extracted from samples using a genomic DNA kit. Specific primers and the 18S rDNA gene were used to screen and detect all Toxoplasmatinae oocysts.

RESULTS

Overall, 2.5% (3 of 120) and 22.5% (18 of 80) of the fecal samples collected from dogs and cats were infected with Toxoplasmatinae. In dogs, 2 samples were positive for N. caninum and 1 sample was positive for T. gondii. In cats, all 18 positive samples belonged to T. gondii. No contamination with H. heydorni was observed in dog fecal samples or H. hammondi and B. besnoiti in cat fecal samples. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the T. gondii (cat) and N. caninum (dog) found had similarities with parasites reported from other regions of the world.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to provide data on the epidemiology of Toxoplasmatinae oocysts in Iran. The findings suggest that public-health monitoring for the effective control of feces from cats and dogs and improved pet hygiene habits are needed.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Endangered Wild Felines (Felis silvestris and Lynx pardinus) in Spain
Pablo Matas Méndez, Isabel Fuentes Corripio, Ana Montoya Matute, Begoña Bailo Barroso, Rebeca Grande Gómez, Ariadna Apruzzese Rubio, Francisco Ponce Gordo, Marta Mateo Barrientos
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Endoparasites of European Wildcats (Felis silvestris) in Greece
Anastasia Diakou, Despina Migli, Dimitris Dimzas, Simone Morelli, Angela Di Cesare, Dionisios Youlatos, Petros Lymberakis, Donato Traversa
Pathogens.2021; 10(5): 594. CrossRef

Review

Congenital toxoplasmosis among Iranian neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Shahabeddin Sarvi, Tooran Nayeri Chegeni, Mehdi Sharif, Mahbobeh Montazeri, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Afsaneh Amouei, Zahra Hosseininejad, Davood Anvari, Reza Saberi, Shaban Gohardehi, Ahmad Daryani; Epidemiol Health. 2019;41:e2019021. Published online May 17, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019021

15,003 View
240 Download
10 Web of Science
9 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a serious zoonotic disease that can lead to abortion and congenital disorders and has a widespread global distribution in humans and animals. The objective of this review was to investigate the incidence of toxoplasmosis in Iranian neonates in order to obtain a comprehensive assessment of the overall situation of the disease for use in developing future interventions. Original studies investigating the incidence of Toxoplasma gondii infections in Iranian neonates were systematically searched in a number of English-language and Persian-language electronic databases. The search process resulted in the inclusion of a total of 11 studies in the systematic review, 10 of which were entered into the meta-analysis. The reviewed articles included 2,230 Iranian neonates investigated through January 1, 2018. Based on the retrieved studies, the overall weighted incidence rates of toxoplasmosis in the Iranian neonatal population and neonates with suspected congenital toxoplasmosis were estimated to be 0.64% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31 to 1.09) and 4.10% (95% CI, 2.68 to 5.77), respectively, using a fixed-effects model. The findings of the reviewed studies demonstrate that the incidence of toxoplasmosis is high in Iranian neonates. Accordingly, it can be concluded that toxoplasmosis is a serious public health concern that has been ignored by the Ministry of Health. Therefore, it is essential to perform further studies, in addition to implementing screening and detection programs, using standardized methods to estimate the incidence of toxoplasmosis in Iran and to determine its associated risk factors.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Parasitology Research.2023; 122(1): 177. CrossRef
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